Jan 082015
 

Time line of the Peninsula War

The following table shows the sequence of events of the Peninsular War from the years (1807 to 1814). It also includes major battles, smaller actions, uprisings, sieges and other related events that took place during the peninsula war period.

For ease of reference using modern maps, the provinces/regions given for Spain and Portugal are those that correspond to the 20th century, that is, resulting from the 1976 Constitution of Portugal and the processes of devolution of Spain’s transition to democracy (1979), which created 17 autonomous communities (regions) and 2 autonomous cities. This affects, in particular, the historical regions and provinces of León and Old Castile (Spanish: Castilla la Vieja), constituted in 1983 as Castile and León. Events in Portugal and France are specified.
Overview

The Peninsular War (a) was a military conflict for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars, waged between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom and Portugal. It started when French and Spanish armies, then allied, occupied Portugal in 1807, and escalated in 1808 when France turned on Spain, its former ally. The war on the peninsula lasted until the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon in 1814, and is regarded as one of the first wars of national liberation, and significant for the emergence of large-scale guerrilla warfare. British and Portuguese forces eventually secured Portugal, using it as a safe position from which to launch campaigns against the French army, while both Spanish and Portuguese guerrillas weakened the occupying forces.

The Peninsular War overlaps with what the Spanish-speaking world calls the Guerra de la Independencia Española (Spanish War of Independence), which began with the Dos de Mayo Uprising on 2nd of May 1808 and ended on 17th of April 1814. Although Spain had been in upheaval since at least the Mutiny of Aranjuez (March 1808), May 1808 marks the start of the Spanish War of Independence. The French occupation destroyed the Spanish administration, which fragmented into quarrelling provincial juntas. In 1810, a reconstituted national government, the Cádiz Cortes—effectively a government-in-exile—fortified itself in Cádiz but could not raise effective armies because it was besieged by up to 70,000 French troops. The combined efforts of regular and irregular forces throughout the peninsula prevented Napoleon’s marshals from subduing the rebellious Spanish provinces, and the war continued through years of stalemate.

The final stages of the Peninsular War were fought on French soil, as the French army was pushed further back across the Pyrenees.

2nd–18th October 1807
French troops enter Spain en route to Portugal Irun, Basque Country
Manoeuvre (French)
Junot crosses into Spain with 28,000 troops. The Treaty of Fontainebleau, to be signed later that month, stipulates that three columns of Spanish troops numbering 25,500 men will support the Invasion of Portugal. Junot enters Portugal 19th November.

27th October 1807
Treaty of Fontainebleau signed by Charles IV of Spain and Napoleon I of France
Fontainebleau
Treaty
The accord proposed the division of the Kingdom of Portugal and all Portuguese dominions between the signatories.
19th–30th November 1807
Portugal (Invasion of) Portugal.

29th November 1807
Transfer of the Portuguese Court to Brazil
The Royal Court of Portugal, headed by the Prince Regent, Prince John and his mother, Maria I of Portugal, set sail for Brazil, escorted by the British Royal Navy, led by Sir Sidney Smith and Sir Graham Moore (younger brother of Sir John Moore).

17th−19th March 1808
Aranjuez (Mutiny of) Aranjuez, Madrid
9th March 1808
Abdication: Charles IV of Spain abdicates in favour of his son, Ferdinand VII
Aranjuez, Madrid

23rd March 1808
Murat enters Madrid
Madrid Manoeuvre (French)
In his letter to his brother Louis, dated 27th March 1808, offering him the throne of Spain, Napoleon stated that he had 100,000 troops in Spain, and that 40,000 of them had entered Madrid with Murat on 23rd March 1808.

24th March 1808
Ferdinand VII enters Madrid
Madrid Manoeuvre (French).

2nd May 1808
Dos de Mayo Uprising
Madrid Uprising: French victory
Following the fighting at the Royal Palace, rebellion spread to other parts of the city, with street fighting in different areas including heavy fighting around the Puerta del Sol, the Puerta de Toledo and at the barracks of Monteleón. Martial law was imposed on the city. Hundreds of people died in the fighting, including around 150 French soldiers. The uprising was depicted by the Spanish artist Goya in The Second of May 1808 (The Charge of the Mamelukes) and The Third of May 1808.

24th May 1808
Dupont marches from Toledo
Toledo – Córdoba
Manoeuvre (French)
After having originally received orders from Murat to head for Cádiz, and countermanded by Napoleon, thinking that his troops might be needed in Madrid, Dupont finally leaves Toledo with 18,000 second-line troops, originally raised as provisional or reserve formations, intended either for internal police services or garrison duty.

5th June 1808
Despeñaperros Jaén, Andalusia
Spanish victory (guerrillas)
Two squadrons of French dragoons were attacked by insurgents at the northern entrance to the pass of Despenaperros, a steep gorge (defile) in the Sierra Morena, that separates Castile-La Mancha (including Madrid) and Andalusia, and forced to retreat to the nearby town of Almuradiel.

5th June 1808
Santa Cruz de Mudela (Uprising of)
Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha Uprising: Spanish victory
The 700 French troops stationed in the village of Santa Cruz de Mudela are attacked by the population. 109 French soldiers are killed and 113 taken prisoner, while the rest flee back in the direction of Madrid, to Valdepeñas.
6th June 1808
Porto (Uprising of)
Porto (Portugal)
Uprising: Spanish victory
On hearing of the rebellion in Spain, Spanish General Belesta, having participated in the Invasion of Portugal, and stationed in Porto with 6,000 Spanish troops, captures the French General of Division Quesnel, and marches to Coruña to join the fight against the French troops, sparking off a series of uprisings throughout the north of Portugal.

6th June 1808
Valdepeñas (Uprising of)
Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha Uprising: Spanish victory

Following the previous day’s uprising in Santa Cruz de Mudela, Ligier-Belair and Roize, at the head of some 800 troops, together with some 300 soldiers that had escaped from the Santa Cruz uprising prepare to march through the town of Valdepeñas. The population attack the leading column and Ligier-Belair sends in the dragoons, who are also forced to retreat. The resulting truce stipulates that the French troops will not pass through the village in return for a day’s worth of food supplies. The guerrilla actions at Santa Cruz and Valdepeñas, together with more isolated actions in the Sierra Morena itself, effectively cut French military communications between Madrid and Andalusia for around a month.

6th June 1808
Coronation of Joseph I
Madrid
Napoleon’s elder brother, Joseph Bonaparte, proclaimed King of Spain. His reign lasted until 11th December 1813, when he abdicated and returned to France after the French defeat at the Battle of Vitoria in 1813.

6th June 1808
Bruch (First battle of)
Barcelona, Catalonia
Spanish victory
See also Bruch (Second battle of). Often grouped together as one battle, there were in fact two separate battles, separated by more than a week, with different armies and commanders involved: of the 12th French regiments that participated, only one of them fought at both battles.

7th June 1808
Alcolea Bridge (Battle of)
Córdoba, Andalusia
French victory
At Alcolea, 10 km from Córdoba, Dupont’s troops are engaged in their first battle in Andalusia against 3,000 regular troops under Pedro Agustín de Echávarri who try to protect the bridge over the Guadalquivir. The same day, Dupont captures Córdoba.

7th June 1808
Córdoba
Córdoba, Andalusia
French victory
On their way to Seville, and ultimately to Cádiz, Dupont’s 18,000 troops capture Córdoba, ransacking the city over four days. However, damaging guerrilla actions force Dupont to withdraw towards Madrid to meet up with Gobert’s division, that had set out from Madrid on July 2nd to reinforce Dupont. Only one brigade of this division ultimately reached Dupont, the rest being needed to hold the road north (to Madrid) against the guerrillas.

9th June 1808 – 14th June 1808
Rosily Squadron (Capture of)
Cádiz, Andalusia
Spanish victory.

19th June 1808
Vedel marches from Toledo
Toledo – La Carolina
Manoeuvre (French)
Vedel, with the 6,000 men, 700 horse, and 12 guns of the 2nd Division, sets out south from Toledo to force a passage over the Sierra Morena, hold the mountains from the guerrillas, and link up with Dupont, pacifying Castile-La Mancha along the way. Vedel is joined during the march by small detachments under Roize and Ligier-Belair.

26th June 1808
Puerta del Rey (mountain pass)
Jaén, Andalusia
French victory
Vedel’s column face Lieutenant-Colonel Valdecaños’ detachment of Spanish regulars and guerrillas with six guns blocking the mountain pass. The following day, Vedel meets up with Dupont at La Carolina, reestablishing military communications with Madrid after a month of disruption. With the reinforcements from Vedel and Gobert, Dupont now has 20,000 men, albeit short of supplies.

12th June 1808
Cabezón (Battle of)
Valladolid, Castile and León
French victory.

14th June 1808
Bruch (Second battle of)
Barcelona, Catalonia
Spanish victory
See also Bruch (First battle of).

15th June 1808 — 14th August 1808
Zaragoza (First siege of)
Zaragoza, Aragón
Spanish victory.

20th and 21st June 1808
Gerona (Battle of)
Girona, Catalonia
Spanish victory.

24th June – 26th June 1808
Valencia (Battle of)
Valencia, Valencia
Spanish victory.

27th June 1808
Gijón: Arrival of British officers
Asturias
Delegation
In response to the Junta General of Asturias’ request to London, the Portland administration sent three British Army officers, led by a lieutenant colonel, to Gijón to assess the state of affairs. Following the Spanish victory at Bailén the following month, the Secretary of State for War and the Colonies, Viscount Castlereagh sent a second delegation, led by General Sir James Leith, who arrived in Gijón on 30th August 1808 charged with seeing how the north of Spain could be reinforced to prevent Napoleon sending in more troops through Irun, and isolating him in Madrid or Burgos. Leith would join Baird’s forces in November 1808.

14th July 1808
Medina de Rioseco (Battle of)
Valladolid, Castile and León
French victory
Also known as the Battle of Moclín, from the name of a nearby hill held by Spanish infantry.

16th July 1808 – 19th July 1808
Bailén (Battle of)
Jaén, Andalusia
Spanish victory (decisive)
Having lost some 2,000 men on the battlefield, together with some 800 Swiss troops that had gone over to Reding’s Swiss regiment, Dupont called for a truce, formally surrendered his remaining 17,600 men on 23rd July. Under the terms of surrender, Dupont, Vedel and their troops were to be repatriated to France. However, with the exception of the most senior officers, most of the French rank and file were confined on hulks in Cádiz, before being transported to the uninhabited island of Cabrera, where half of the 7,000 men starved to death.

24th July 1808 – 16th August 1808
Gerona (Second siege of)
Girona, Catalonia
Spanish victory.

29th July 1808
Évora (Battle of)
Alentejo (Portugal)
French victory
The following day, the French General Loison massacred the men, women, and children, of Évora, marking the future of the relationships between the different nations.

7th August 1808 – 11th October 1808
Evacuation of the La Romana Divisio
Denmark–Spain by sea
Manoeuvre (Spanish)
Some 9,000 men stationed in Denmark, belonging to the 15,000-strong Division of the North, comprising Spanish troops commanded by Pedro Caro, 3rd Marquis of la Romana, defected from the armies of the First French Empire under the leadership of Marshal Bernadotte. Transported aboard British navy ships, on reaching Santander, they reinforced Blake’s Army of Galicia. Entering into battle at Valmaseda, on 5th November 1808, they defeated Victor’s army, only to be defeated by the same forces a few days later at the Battle of Espinosa.

17th August 1808
Roliça (Battle of)
Leiria (Portugal)
Anglo-Portuguese victory, tactical French retreat
The first battle fought by the British army during the Peninsular War.

21st August 1808
Vimeiro (Battle of)
Lisbon (Portugal)
Anglo-Portuguese victory
Led to the signing of the Convention of Sintra on 30th August 1808, putting an end to Napoleon’s invasion of Portugal.

30th August 1808
Sintra (Convention of)
Lisbon (Portugal)
Following his victory at the Battle of Vimeiro (21st August) Sir Arthur Wellesley, against his wishes, was ordered by his immediate superiors, Sir Harry Burrard and Sir Hew Dalrymple, to sign the preliminary Armistice. The subsequent convention, agreed between Dalrymple and Kellerman, and despite the protests of the Portuguese commander, Freire, allowed the evacuation of Junot’s 20,900 troops from Portugal to France with all their equipment and ‘personal property’ (mostly loot) aboard Royal Navy ships. The public outcry in Britain led to an inquiry, held 14th November to 27th December 1808, which cleared all three British officers. Shortly after, George Woodward would caricature Wellesley in The Convention of Cintra, a Portuguese Gambol for the amusement of Iohn Bull, London, 1809.

31st October 1808
Pancorbo (Battle of)
Biscay, Basque Country
Indecisive
Although a tactical victory for the French, it was considered a strategic blunder.

5th November 1808
Valmaseda (Battle of)
Biscay, Basque Country
Spanish victory.

7th November – 5th December 1808
Roses (Siege of)
Girona, Catalonia
French victory.

10th and 11th November 1808
Espinosa (Battle of)
Burgos, Castile and León
French victory.

23rd November 1808
Tudela (Battle of)
Tudela, Navarre
French-Polish victory.

30th November 1808
Somosierra (Battle of)
Mountain pass 60 miles north of Madrid separating the provinces of Madrid and Segovia
French victory
Famous for the Polish light cavalry uphill charge, in columns of four, against Spanish artillery positions. The heavily outnumbered Spanish detachment of conscripts and artillery were unable to stop the Grande Armée’s advance on Madrid, and Napoleon entered the capital of Spain on 4th December, a month after entering the country.

4th December 1808
Napoleon enters Madrid with 80,000 troops.
Madrid
French victory
Napoleon turns his troops against Moore’s British forces, who are forced to retreat back towards Galicia three weeks later and, after a last stand at the Battle of Corunna in January 1809, withdraw from Spain.

16th December 1808
Cardadeul (Battle of)
Barceona, Catalonia
French victory.

20th December 1808 – 20th February 1809
Zaragoza (Second siege of)
Zarago
Aragón
French victory.

21st December 1808
Molins de Rey (Battle of)

21st December 1808
Sahagún (Battle of)
León, Castile and León
British victory.

25th December 1808
Retreat to Corunna
British retreat
John Moore starts a 250-mile (400 km) retreat and reaches La Coruña on 14th January.

1st January 1809
Castellón (Battle of)
Girona, Catalonia
Spanish victory
This Castellón refers to Castelló d’Empúries, in Catalonia, not the town or province in Valencia.

3rd January 1809
Cacabelo (Battle of)
León, Castile and León
British victory.

13th January 1809
Uclés (Battle of)
Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha
French victory.

14th January 1809
Treaty between Great Britain and Spain
London
Treaty
“Treaty of peace, friendship, and alliance” by which Britain recognises Fernando as King of Spain.

16th January 1809
Corunna (Battle of)
A Coruña, Galicia
Different analyses:
British tactical victory
French strategic victory
The British troops were able complete their embarkation, but left the port cities of Corunna and Ferrol, as well as the whole of northern Spain, to be captured and occupied by the French. During the battle, Sir John Moore, the British commander, was mortally wounded.

18th January 1809
Corunna (Surrender of)
A Coruña, Galicia
French victory
Alcedo, whose garrison of two Spanish regiments had protected Sir John Moore’s troops during the embarkation, surrendered to Marshal Soult, who was able to refit with the ample military stores available. A week later Soult’s forces also captured Ferrol, a major Spanish naval base with an even greater arsenal than that of Corunna, and taking eight ships of the line.

25th February 1809
Valls (Battle of)
Tarragona, Catalonia
French victory.

7th March 1809
British General William Beresford appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Portuguese Army.

10th to 12th March 1809
Chaves (First siege of)
Norte (Portugal)
French victory
Francisco da Silveira would later recapture the town at the Second Siege of Chaves, from 21st to 25th March 1809.

17th March 1809
Villafranca (Battle of)
León, Castile and León
Spanish victory.

20th March 1809
Braga (Battle of)
Braga (Portugal)
French victory
Also known as the Battle of Póvoa de Lanhoso or Battle of Carvalho d’Este.

21st to 25th March 1809
Chaves (Second siege of)
Norte (Portugal)
Portuguese victory.

24th March 1809
Yevenes (Battle of)
Toledo, Castile-La Mancha
Spanish victory.

27st March 1809
Ciudad Real (Battle of)
Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha
French-Polish victory.

28 March 1809
Porto (First battle of)
Port (Portugal) (Portugal)

French victory.

22th April 1809
Creation of Anglo-Portuguese Army
Wellesley, Commander-in-Chief of the British Army, was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Portuguese Army and integrated the two armies into mixed British-Portuguese divisions, normally on a basis of two British and one Portuguese brigades.

6th May – 12 th December 1809
Gerona (Third siege of)
Girona, Catalonia
French victory
Depicted in The Great Day of Girona, by Ramon Martí Alsina.

10th May 1809 – 11th May 1809
Grijó (Battle of)
Porto (Portugal)
Anglo-Portuguese victory.

12th May 1809
Porto (Second battle of)
Porto (Portugal)
Anglo-Portuguese victory (decisive)
Also known as the Battle of the Douro.

14th May 1809
Alcantara (Battle of)
Cáceres, Extremadura
French victory

23rd May 1809
Alcañiz (Battle of)
Teruel, Aragón
Spanish victory.

15th June 1809
María(Battle of)
Zaragoza, Aragón
French victory.

7 thJune 1809 – 9th June 1809
Puente Sanpayo (Battle of)
Pontevedra, Galicia
Spanish victory.

18th June 1809
Belchite (Battle of)
Zaragoza, Aragón
French victory.

27th–28th July 1809
Talavera (Battle of)
Toledo, Castile-La Mancha
Pyrrhic Anglo-Spanish victory
Strategic French victory.

8th August 1809
Arzobispo (Battle of)
Toledo, Castile-La Mancha
French victory.

11th August 1809
Almonacid (Battle of)
Toledo, Castile–La Mancha
French victory.

12th August 1809
Puerto de Baños (Battle of)
Cáceres, Extremadura
Anglo-Allied victory
Mountain pass.

9th October 1809
Astorga (Combat of)
León, Castile and León
Spanish victory
Apparently unaware that the town had recently been heavily garrisoned, Kellerman sent Carrié with 1,200 infantry and two regiments of dragoons to attack the town.

18th October 1809
Tamames (Battle of)
Salamanca, Castile and León
Spanish victory.

20th October 1809
Torres Vedras (Wellington orders construction of the Lines of)
Lisbon, Portugal
Fortification (Anglo-Portuguese)
Wellington orders construction of the Lines. Under the direction of Sir Richard Fletcher, the first line was finished one year later, around the time of the Battle of Sobral.

11th November 1809
Ocaña (Combat of)
Toledo, Castile-La Mancha
French victory
Ocaña is a small town 65 km from Madrid, defended by five regiments of Milhaud’s dragoons and Sebastiani’s division (six battalions) of Polish infantry. Aréizaga sent his cavalry force, 5,700 strong, which outnumbered the French cavalry by three-to-one, and forced them to retreat behind the Polish infantry. After attempting to attack the squares, Areizaga realised that they would have to wait for Zayas’ infantry to arrive and attack the following day. The French, however, retreated overnight to Aranjuez. Aréizaga entered the town the following day.

19th November 1809
Ocaña (Battle of)
Toledo, Castile-La Mancha
French victory
65 km from Madrid.

23rd November 1809
Carpio (Battle of)
Valladolid, Castile and León
Spanish victory
El Carpio, some 20 km southwest of the town of Medina del Campo, is about 4 km from Fresno el Viejo. Both villages border the province of Salamanca at the southwestern tip of the province of Valladolid. The village, including its strategic 10th century fortress was completely destroyed by the French troops on 25th November.

26th November 1809
Alba de Tormes (Battle of)
Salamanca, Castile and León
French victory.

21st January 1810
Mollet Barcelona, Catalonia
Spanish victory.

5th February 1810 – 24th August 1812
Cádiz (Siege of) Cádiz, Andalusia
Spanish victory
The reconstituted national government of Spain, known as the Cádiz Cortes—effectively a government-in-exile—fortified itself in Cádiz, besieged by 70,000 French troops.

20th February 1810
Vich (Battle of)
Barcelona, Catalonia
French victory.

21st March 1810 — 22nd April 1810
Astorga (First siege of)
León, Castile and León
French victory.

15 April 1810
Lérida: arrival of Suchet’s troops
Lérida, Catalonia
Manoeuvre (French)
Suchet’s army of 13,000 French troops arrive in front of Lérida. The siege proper starts on 29th April.

23rd April 1810
Margalef (Battle of)
Tarragona, Catalonia
French victory

On 22nd April, a Spanish force of 8,000 infantry and 600 cavalry, incorporated into two divisions led by Ibarrola and Pirez, under O’Donnell, descended the Monblanc defile of the Prades Mountains to relieve Lerida. They were surprised by Musnier’s seven infantry battalions and 500 cuirassieres which, together with Harispe’s three infantry battalions and two squadrons of hussars that had been stationed at Alcoletge, a bridgehead three miles from Lerida, forced them to retreat to the ruined village of Margalef, some 10 miles from Lérida.

26th April 1810 – 9th July 1810
Ciudad Rodrigo (First siege of)
Salamanca, Castile and León
French victory.

29th April – 13th May 1810
Lérida (Siege of)
Lérida, Catalonia
French victory.

11th July 1810
Barquilla (Combat of)
Salamanca, Castile and León
French victory.

24th July 1810
River Côa (Battle of the)
Guarda, (Portugal)
French victory
After having blown up the Real Fuerte de la Concepción on 20th July, Craufurd, positioned his Light Brigade, comprising five battalions of infantry, two light cavalry regiments, and one horse artillery battery (about 4200 infantry, 800 cavalry, and 6 guns) east of the Côa River (disobeying Wellington’s orders), near Castelo de Almeida and near the only bridge of an otherwise unfordable river. On the morning of the battle, they were surprised by Marshal Ney’s 20,000 troops, on their way to besiege Almeida. Craufurd was able to defend the bridge against several attacks, but finally retreated at midnight.
The Real Fuerte de la Concepción, in the province of Salamanca, was one of a series of star forts on the Spanish side of the border between Spain and Portugal. The Praça-forte de Almeida, 10 km away, in the Guarda District, was one of a series of Portuguese star forts.

25thJuly to 27th August 1810
Almeida (First siege of)
Guarda, (Portugal)
French victory.

14th September 1810
La Bisbal (Battle of)
Girona, Catalonia
Anglo-Spanish victory.

24th September 1810
Cádiz Cortes – opening session
Cádiz, Andalusia
The opening session of the Cortes was held eight months into the two-and-a-half-year Siege of Cádiz.

27th September 1810
Bussaco (Battle of)
Aveiro District (Portugal)
Anglo-Portuguese victory
Serra do Bussaco mountain range.

13th–14th October 1810
Sobral (Battle of)
Lisbon (Portugal)
Anglo-Portuguese victory.

15th October 1810
Fuengirola (Battle of)
Málaga, Andalusia
Polish-French victory.

19th January – 22nd January 1811
Olivenza (Siege of)
Province of Badajoz, Extremadura
French victory.

15th January 1811
Pla (Battle of)
Tarragona, Catalonia
Spanish victory.

26 thJanuary 1811 – 11th March 1811
Badajoz (First siege of)
Badajoz, Extremadura
French victory
The Spanish fortress fell to the French forces under Marshal Soult.

19th February 1811
Gebora (Battle of)
Badajoz, Extremadura
French victory.

11th March 1811
Pombal (Battle of)
Leiria (Portugal)
French victory.

12th March 1811
Redinha (Battle of)
Coimbra (Portugal)
French victory.

14th March 1811
Casal Novo (Battle of)
French victory
Coimbra (Portugal)
15th March 1811 – 21st March 1811
Campo Maior Castle (Siege of)
Alentejo (Portugal)
French victory
800 Portuguese militia and 50 old cannon held out against 4,500 troops belonging to the V Corps under Marshal Mortier.

25th March 1811
Campo Maior (Battle of)
Alentejo (Portugal)
Anglo-Portuguese victory.

3rd April 1811
Sabugal (Battle of)
Guarda (Portugal)
Anglo-Portuguese Victory.

14th April – 10th May 1811
Almeida (Second siege of)
Guarda, (Portugal)
Anglo-Allied victory
Also known as the Blockade of Almeida, since the Anglo-Portuguese Army had no heavy guns to breach the walls, they were forced to starve the garrison out. Because of this, it was technically a blockade rather than a siege. French troops abandoned the fort under cover of darkness and escaped. See Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro.

22nd April – 12th May/18th May – 10th June 1811
Badajoz (Second siege of)
Badajoz, Extremadura
French victory
The siege was briefly lifted while the Battle of Albuera was fought on 16th May.

3rd–6th May 1811
Fuentes de Oñoro (Battle of)
Salamanca, Castile and León
Tactically indecisive
Strategic Anglo – Portuguese victory
Spanish village on the border with Portugal. French failure to relieve Almeida. See Blockade of Almeida.

5th May 1811 – 29th June 1811
Tarragona (First siege of)
Tarragona, Catalonia
French victory.

16th May 1811
Albuera (Battle of)
Badajoz, Extremadura
Allied victory
Allied forces engaged the French Armée du Midi (Army of the South) some 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Badajoz.

25th May 1811
Arlabán (Battle of)
Mountain pass between Gipuzkoa and Álava
Spanish victory
Guerrilla ambush led by Francisco Espoz y Mina. Also referred to as the First Surprise of Arlabán to distinguish it from the Second Surprise of Arlabán (April 1812).

25th May 1811
Usagre (Battle of)
Badajoz, Extremadura
Allied victory.

29th July 1811
Montserrat (Battle of)
Barcelona, Catalonia
French victory.

9th August 1811
Zujar (Battle of)
Granada, Andalusia
French victory.

25th September 1811
El Bodón (Battle of)
Salamanca, Castile and León
French victory,

4th to 14th October 1811
Cervera (Battle of)
Lleida, Catalonia
Spanish victory.

25 October 1811
Saguntum (Battle of)
Valencia, Valencia
French victory.

28th October 1811
Arroyo dos Molinos (Battle of)
Cáceres, Extremadura
Allie7th January 1812 – 20th January

3rd November 1811 – 9th January 1812
Valencia (Siege of)
Valencia, Valencia
French victory.

5th November 1811
Bornos (First battle of)
Cádiz, Andalusia
Spanish victory.

7th January 1812 – 20th January 1812
Ciudad Rodrigo (Second siege of)
Salamanca, Castile and León
Allied victory.

24th January 1812
Altafulla (Battle of)
Tarragona, Catalonia
French victory.

9th April 1812
Arlabán (Battle of)
Mountain pass between Gipuzkoa and Álava
Spanish victory
Also referred to as the Second Surprise of Arlabán to distinguish it from the First Surprise of Arlabán (May 1811).

31st May 1812
Bornos (Second battle of)
Cádiz, Andalusia
French victory.

29th June – 19th August 1812
Astorga, Second siege of
León, Castile-León
Spanish victory Spanish troops liberate Astorga, in French hands since the first Siege of Astorga in 1810.

21st July 1812
Castalla (First battle of)
Alicante, Valencia
French victory.

22nd July 1812
Salamanca (Battle of)
Salamanca, Castile and León
Decisive Allied victory
Also known as the Battle of Arapiles, for the name of the nearby village, Arapiles, which in turn takes its name from the two low, flat-topped hills, Arapil Chico (Lesser Arapile) and Arapil Grande (Greater Arapile), over and around which part of the battle took place.

23rd July 1812
Garcia Hernandez (Battle of)
Salamanca, Castile and León
Anglo-German victory.

19th September to 21st October 1812
Burgos (Siege of)
Burgos, Castile and León
French victory.

23rd October 1812
Venta del Pozo (Battle of)
Palencia, Castile and León
Indecisive; French tactical victory
Also known as the Battle of Villodrigo.

25th–29th October 1812
(Battle of)
Valladolid, Castile and León
French victory
Also known as the Battle of Villamuriel or Battle of Palencia.

13th April 1813
Castalla (Second battle of)
Alicante, Valencia
Anglo-Spanish victory.

3rd-11th June 1813
Tarragona (Second siege of)
Tarragona, Catalonia
French victory.

18th June 1813
San Millan-Osma (Battle of)
San Millan, Burgos, Castile and León / Osma, Álava, Basque Country
Anglo-Allied victory
Mountain pass northwest of Miranda del Ebro, just off the Burgos–Bilbao road.

21st June 1813
Vitoria (Battle of)
Álava, Basque Country
Allied victory (decisive)
Led to the abdication of Napoleon’s brother, Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain, 11th December 1813. Beethoven’s Op. 91, “Wellingtons Sieg oder die Schlacht bei Vittoria”, completed in the first week of October 1813, commemorates the victory. Originally composed for the panharmonicon, it was first performed with Beethoven himself conducting, together with the premiere of his Symphony No. 7

7th–25th July 1813
San Sebastián (First siege of)
Province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country
French victory
Although referred to as one siege, there were in fact two separate sieges. See Second siege of San Sebastián below.

25th July 1813
Pyrenees (Battle of the)
Allied victory
The Battle of the Pyrenees was large-scale offensive, involving several battles, launched by Marshal Soult to relieve the French garrisons under siege at Pamplona and San Sebastián.

25th July 1813
Roncesvalles (Battle of)
Roncevaux Pass, Spain
French victory
Mountain pass at 1,057 m (3,468 ft) on the Spanish side of the Pyrenees near the border with France. A battle included in the Battle of the Pyrenees.

25th July 1813
Maya (Battle of)
Navarre
French victory
Mountain pass on the Spanish side of the Pyrenees near the border with France.

28th July – 1st August 1813
Sorauren (Battle of)
Navarre
Allied victory
A battle included in the Battle of the Pyrenees.

8th August – 8th September 1813
San Sebastián (Second siege of)
Province of Gipuzkoa, Basque Country
Anglo-Portuguese victory
Although referred to as one siege, there were in fact two separate sieges. See First siege of San Sebastián above.

7th October 1813
Bidassoa (Battle of the)
Allied victory (tactical)
Also known as the Battle of Larrun.

10th November 1813
Nivelle (Battle of)
Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France
Allied victory.

11th December 1813
Abdication of Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain.
9th – 13th December 1813
Nive (Battle of the)
Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France
Allied victory.

15th February 1814
Garris (Battle of)
Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France
Allied victory.

27th February 1814
Orhthez (Battle of)
Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France
Anglo-Portuguese victory.

Sourced from Wikipedia